{"id":863,"date":"2021-05-24T03:01:43","date_gmt":"2021-05-23T18:01:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/?p=863"},"modified":"2021-05-24T03:01:44","modified_gmt":"2021-05-23T18:01:44","slug":"linux-cannot-allocate-memory-%ec%ba%90%ec%8b%9c-%eb%a9%94%eb%aa%a8%eb%a6%ac-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b1%b0-%eb%b0%8f-swap-%ec%83%9d%ec%84%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/?p=863","title":{"rendered":"[Linux] Cannot allocate memory, \uce90\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \uc81c\uac70 \ubc0f swap \uc0dd\uc131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694. ManVSCloud \uae40\uc218\ud604\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc624\ub298\uc740 \ucd5c\uadfc \uc81c \ube14\ub85c\uadf8\uac00 \uac04\ud5d0\uc801 \ub04a\uae40\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud655\uc778 \ud6c4 <br>Memory \ubd80\uc871 \uc6d0\uc778\uc744 \ud30c\uc545\ud558\uace0 \ud574\uacb0\uae4c\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc791\uc131\ud574\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-white-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-block-heading\"> Symptom &amp; Identify the cause<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5b4\uc81c \ube14\ub85c\uadf8\uc5d0 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud305 \ud6c4 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uac00 \uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucd9c\ub825\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>\uc11c\ubc84 \uc811\uc18d \uc2dc Cannot allocate memory \uc5d0\ub7ec\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4 \uc785\ucd9c\ub825\uc774 \uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc774\uc9c0\uc54a\uc740 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub77c \uc6b0\uc120 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4 \uc7ac\ubd80\ud305\uc744 \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-bash: fork: Cannot allocate memory<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub300\uc2dc\ubcf4\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc6d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub960\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc558\ub294\ub370 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc790\uc6d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub960\uc740 \uc815\uc0c1\uc778\ub370 \uc720\ub3c5 Memory\ub9cc 90% \uc774\uc0c1 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc911!! Memory \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c\uac8c\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22105835\/memory-1024x427.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-864\" width=\"680\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22105835\/memory-1024x427.png 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22105835\/memory-300x125.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22105835\/memory-768x320.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22105835\/memory-1536x640.png 1536w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22105835\/memory-2048x854.png 2048w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22105835\/memory-1080x450.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>VSZ, RSS \ud655\uc778 \uc2dc Apache, PHP\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ub300\ub7c9 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc911\uc774\ub77c \uc6f9 \ub85c\uadf8\ub97c \uba3c\uc800 \ud655\uc778\ud574\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>1\uc8fc\uc77c \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c logrotate\uac00 \uac78\ub824\uc788\uc5b4 \ucd5c\uadfc \ub85c\uadf8\ub9cc \ud30c\uc545\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc600\ub294\ub370 \uc6b0\uc120 \uacf5\uaca9\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ub7c9 \uc811\uadfc\ud558\ub294 IP\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc600\uace0 \uc758\uc2ec\ub418\ub294 IP\ub294 WAF\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\uac00 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uc600\ub294\ub370 \ub530\ub85c \uacf5\uaca9\uc131 \uc811\uadfc\uc740 \uc544\ub2cc \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud30c\uc545\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 httpd]# cat \/var\/log\/httpd\/access_log | awk '{print $1}' | sort -n | uniq -c | grep -Ev \"10.0|172.16|192.168|-\" | sort -rn | head -n 10\n    399 88.150.-.-\n    319 121.125.-.-\n    200 125.141.-.-\n    186 63.141.-.-\n     83 66.249.-.-\n     75 66.249.-.-\n     49 117.111.-.-\n     46 52.79.-.-\n     37 66.249.-.-\n     36 45.146.-.-<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>sar\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucd94\uac00 \uac80\ud1a0\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>\uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4 \uc7ac\uc2dc\uc791 \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub7c9\uc774 80% \uc774\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc18d \uc720\uc9c0 \uc911\uc774\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# sar -r\nLinux 4.14.193-149.317.amzn2.x86_64 (ip-10-0-1-68.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal) \t05\/22\/2021 \t_x86_64_\t(1 CPU)\n\n12:00:02 AM kbmemfree kbmemused  %memused kbbuffers  kbcached  kbcommit   %commit  kbactive   kbinact   kbdirty\n12:10:01 AM     65860    941080     93.46         0    103936   4407680    437.73    785580     28120       120\n12:20:01 AM     58924    948016     94.15         0    106820   4414144    438.37    789028     31556       176\n12:30:01 AM     66768    940172     93.37         0    103328   4410048    437.97    784968     28244       208\n12:40:01 AM     64996    941944     93.55         0    102724   4410256    437.99    787600     26904       232\n12:50:01 AM     61056    945884     93.94         0    103356   4414996    438.46    792132     26448        40\n01:00:01 AM     68052    938888     93.24         0     96388   4412948    438.25    787572     24756       112\n01:10:01 AM     63336    943604     93.71         0    100240   4414108    438.37    789356     27116       112\n01:20:02 AM     65780    941160     93.47         0    102172   4408852    437.85    785084     29272       112\n01:30:01 AM     61096    945844     93.93         0    108252   4408644    437.83    \n.\n. [\uc0dd\ub7b5]\n.\n08:26:04 AM       LINUX RESTART\n08:36:33 AM       LINUX RESTART\n08:40:02 AM kbmemfree kbmemused  %memused kbbuffers  kbcached  kbcommit   %commit  kbactive   kbinact   kbdirty\n08:50:01 AM    192852    814088     80.85      2088    365732   3775100    374.91    401104    280868       296\n09:00:01 AM    203284    803656     79.81      2088    378252   3162244    314.04    376764    289192       328\n09:10:01 AM    195364    811576     80.60      2088    378620   3171048    314.92    384684    289380       332\n09:20:01 AM    194748    812192     80.66      2088    379568   3173428    315.16    383840    290344       328\n09:30:01 AM    181256    825684     82.00      2088    379744   3187564    316.56    407336    280344       328\nAverage:       193501    813439     80.78      2088    376383   3293877    327.12    390746    286026       322<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c free \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub85c \ud655\uc778\ud574\ubcf4\ub2c8 buff\/cache\uac00 \ube44\uc6cc\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# free -m\n              total        used        free      shared  buff\/cache   available\nMem:            983         448         125          60         408         338\nSwap:             0           0           0<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\uc120 \uc544\ub798 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uce90\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6b0\uace0 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \ud655\ubcf4\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589 \ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# sync &amp;&amp; echo 3 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# free -m\n              total        used        free      shared  buff\/cache   available\nMem:            983         435         365          60         182         358\nSwap:             0           0           0<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>(sync &amp;&amp; echo 3 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc544\ub798\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uc744 \ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ud6c4 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub294 \uc815\uc0c1\ud654 \ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc7a5\uc560\uac00 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc6b0\uc120 swap\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uae30\ub85c \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-white-color has-vivid-red-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-block-heading\"> Create Swap<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"557\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110256\/swap-vol-01-1024x557.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-869\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110256\/swap-vol-01-1024x557.png 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110256\/swap-vol-01-300x163.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110256\/swap-vol-01-768x418.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110256\/swap-vol-01-1536x836.png 1536w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110256\/swap-vol-01-2048x1115.png 2048w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110256\/swap-vol-01-1080x588.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>\uc57d 2~3G \uc815\ub3c4 \ud06c\uae30\uc758 \ubcfc\ub968\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud574\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"345\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110302\/swap-vol-01-con-1024x345.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-870\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110302\/swap-vol-01-con-1024x345.png 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110302\/swap-vol-01-con-300x101.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110302\/swap-vol-01-con-768x259.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110302\/swap-vol-01-con-1536x518.png 1536w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110302\/swap-vol-01-con-2048x690.png 2048w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/22110302\/swap-vol-01-con-1080x364.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>swap \ubcfc\ub968\uc744 \ucd94\uac00\ud560 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4\uc640 \uc5f0\uacb0\uc744 \uc2dc\ucf1c\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# fdisk -l\nDisk \/dev\/xvda: 15 GiB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors\nUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes\nSector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nI\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nDisklabel type: gpt\nDisk identifier: 66F46060-ED00-4D14-9841-F5CB6310A14A\n\nDevice       Start      End  Sectors Size Type\n\/dev\/xvda1    4096 31457246 31453151  15G Linux filesystem\n\/dev\/xvda128  2048     4095     2048   1M BIOS boot\n\nPartition table entries are not in disk order.\n\n\nDisk \/dev\/xvdb: 3 GiB, 3221225472 bytes, 6291456 sectors\nUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes\nSector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nI\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5f0\uacb0\uc774 \uc798\ub410\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778 \ud6c4 \uc774\uc81c \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc744 \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc0dd\uc131\ud574\uc8fc\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# fdisk \/dev\/xvdb\nWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.30.2).\nChanges will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.\nBe careful before using the write command.\n\nDevice does not contain a recognized partition table.\nCreated a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb9e2e385.\n\nCommand (m for help): n\nPartition type\n   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)\n   e   extended (container for logical partitions)\nSelect (default p): p\nPartition number (1-4, default 1): 1\nFirst sector (2048-6291455, default 2048): \nLast sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-6291455, default 6291455): \n\nCreated a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 3 GiB.\n\nCommand (m for help): t\nSelected partition 1\nHex code (type L to list all codes): 82\nChanged type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap \/ Solaris'.\n\nCommand (m for help): w\nThe partition table has been altered.\nCalling ioctl() to re-read partition table.\nSyncing disks.\n\n[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# fdisk -l | tail -n 9\nDisk \/dev\/xvdb: 3 GiB, 3221225472 bytes, 6291456 sectors\nUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes\nSector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nI\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\nDisklabel type: dos\nDisk identifier: 0xb9e2e385\n\nDevice     Boot Start     End Sectors Size Id Type\n\/dev\/xvdb1       2048 6291455 6289408   3G 82 Linux swap \/ Solaris<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>swap \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc774 \uc798 \uc0dd\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 mkswap\uc73c\ub85c swap\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc8fc\uace0 blkid\uc5d0 \ub098\uc628 UUID\ub97c \ucc38\uace0\ud558\uc5ec \/etc\/fstab\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\ud574\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. <br>\uc774 \ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \uc798\ubabb \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uac8c\ub420 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc815\uc0c1 \ubd80\ud305\uc774 \ub418\uc9c0\uc54a\uc544 \ubc88\uac70\ub85c\uc6b4 \ucd94\uac00 \uc791\uc5c5\uc774 \uc0dd\uae38 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub2c8 \uc798 \ucd94\uac00\ud574\uc90d\uc2dc\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# mkswap \/dev\/xvdb1\n[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# blkid \/dev\/xvdb1\n\/dev\/xvdb1: UUID=\"dc082f63-27d8-41b1-ad74-8b019162f766\" TYPE=\"swap\" PARTUUID=\"b9e2e385-01\"\n[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# vi \/etc\/fstab\n\nUUID=dc082f63-27d8-41b1-ad74-8b019162f766       swap    swap    defaults        0 0\n\n[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# swapon -a\n[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# swapon -s\nFilename\t\t\t\tType\t\tSize\tUsed\tPriority\n\/dev\/xvdb1                             \tpartition\t3144700\t0\t-2\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>swapon \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uc5d0 -a \uc635\uc158\uc744 \uc8fc\uba74 \/etc\/fstab\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 swap \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 enable \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>-s \uc635\uc158\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc911\uc778 \uc2a4\uc651 \uc7a5\uce58\ub97c \uc694\uc57d\ud558\uc5ec \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc800\ub294 \ubcfc\ub968\uc744 2\uac1c \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uc5ec \ud558\uc5ec swap \ubcfc\ub968 \ud558\ub098\uac00 \uc7a5\uc560\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ud558\ub098\ub85c \uc791\ub3d9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud574\ub450\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# swapon -s\nFilename\t\t\t\tType\t\tSize\tUsed\tPriority\n\/dev\/xvdb1                             \tpartition\t3144700\t0\t-2\n\/dev\/xvdc1                             \tpartition\t3144700\t0\t-3\n\n[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# free -m\n              total        used        free      shared  buff\/cache   available\nMem:            983         461         332          60         188         328\nSwap:          6141           0        6141<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-white-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-block-heading\"> Swapfile<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>swap \ubcfc\ub968\uc744 \ub530\ub85c \ucd94\uac00\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>\uadf8\ub54c\ub294 swapfile\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\ub370 \uac04\ub2e8\ud558\uac8c swapfile\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\ub9cc \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ dd \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc11c \uc6a9\ub7c9 \uc9c0\uc815 \ubc0f swap\ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n(mkdir\ub85c \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub450\ub294 \uac83 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4.)\n[root@manvscloud-test-pub-kr2 ~]# dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/swapfile bs=1MiB count=4096\n4096+0 records in\n4096+0 records out\n4294967296 bytes (4.3 GB) copied, 12.3267 s, 348 MB\/s\n\/\/\uad8c\ud55c \ubcc0\uacbd\n[root@manvscloud-test-pub-kr2 ~]# chmod 600 \/swapfile\n\/\/\uc2a4\uc651 \uc0dd\uc131\n[root@manvscloud-test-pub-kr2 ~]# mkswap \/swapfile\nSetting up swapspace version 1, size = 4194300 KiB\nno label, UUID=4e0d57c0-dd8f-4527-af2d-659ce04921b7<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ud6c4 \/etc\/fstab\uc5d0 \ub4f1\ub85d\ud574\uc8fc\uace0 swapon -a \ud574\uc8fc\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/swap01                          swap                swap    defaults        0 0<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-white-color has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-block-heading\"> sync &amp;&amp; echo 3 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux\uc5d0\uc11c \uc544\ub798 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uce90\uc2dc\ub97c \ube44\uc6b8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>PageCache\ub9cc \ube44\uc6b0\uae30<\/strong><br>sync &amp;&amp; echo 1 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches<br>(= sync; echo 1 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches)<\/li><li><strong>dentries\uc640 inodes \ube44\uc6b0\uae30<\/strong><br>sync &amp;&amp; echo 2 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches<br>(= sync; echo 2 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches)<\/li><li><strong>PageCache, dentries, inodes \ubaa8\ub450 \ube44\uc6b0\uae30<\/strong><br>sync &amp;&amp; echo 3 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches<br>(= sync; echo 3 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>sync\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ubc84\ud37c\ub97c \ud50c\ub7ec\uc2dc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>(\uac1c\ubc1c\ucabd\uc740 \uc798 \ubaa8\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc JAVA\ub098 Python\uc5d0\uc11c flush() \ud568\uc218\uac00 \ubc84\ud37c \ube44\uc6b0\ub294 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\uac78 \ubcf8 \uc801\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub2e8 echo 3\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \ubaa8\ub450 \ube44\uc6b0\uae30\uac00 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c I\/O\uac00 \ud65c\ubc1c\ud55c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4\uba74 CPU \uc790\uc6d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub7c9\uc774 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\uc2b9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\"><strong>pagecache<\/strong> : \ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4 \ucee4\ub110\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uae30\ubcf8 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c \uce90\uc2dc. <br>\ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ucee4\ub110\uc740 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77d\uac70\ub098 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c\uc5d0 \uc4f8 \ub54c \ud398\uc774\uc9c0 \uce90\uc2dc\ub97c \ucc38\uc870\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>I\/O \uc18d\ub3c4\uc640 \ud37c\ud3ec\uba3c\uc2a4\ub97c \ub192\uc774\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774 \ud560\ub2f9\ud55c \uc784\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \uc800\uc7a5\uc18c\ub85c \uc784\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ub41c \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc77d\uc744 \ub54c \ud574\ub2f9 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc14\ub85c \ubd88\ub7ec\uc624\uae30\uc5d0 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c\uc758 \uc77d\uae30,\uc4f0\uae30 \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \ube68\ub77c\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. (Windows\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\ub85c \ud398\uc774\uc9c0 \ud30c\uc77c\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\"><strong>dentries<\/strong> : dcache, \uc989 \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac \ud56d\ubaa9 \uce90\uc2dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacbd\ub85c\/\ud30c\uc77c\uba85\uc744 \ud2b9\uc815 dentry\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\ud558\uc5ec \ube60\ub978 \uc870\ud68c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba70 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc RAM\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. (inode\ub97c \uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uc5ec \uc218\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\"><strong>inodes<\/strong> : \ud30c\uc77c\uacfc \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ub2f4\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc790\ub8cc \uad6c\uc870 <br>(\ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \uc704\uce58, \ud06c\uae30, \uc0dd\uc131 \uc77c\uc2dc, \uad8c\ud55c)<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# vmstat -m | head -n 1; vmstat -m | grep proc_inode_cache\nCache                       Num  Total   Size  Pages\nproc_inode_cache          13570  13570    688     23<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2b06 (\uc704 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub85c inode \uce90\uc2dc\uac12 \ud655\uc778\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u203b TIP-1 (Slab) <\/strong>?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4 \ud560\ub2f9\ub7c9\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud574\ubcf4\uc544\ub3c4 \uc804\uccb4 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc720\ud734 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uac00 \uc5c6\uc744 \ub54c\uac00 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ucee4\ub110\uc5d0\uc11c \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uae30\ub54c\ubb38\uc778\ub370 \ucee4\ub110\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub294 slab \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \uc601\uc5ed\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uba74 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# cat \/proc\/meminfo | grep Slab\nSlab:              48832 kB<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Slab\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uae4a\uc774\uc788\uac8c \uc124\uba85\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub294 \uacf3\uc740 \ub9c1\ud06c\ub85c \ub0a8\uaca8\ub450\uc5c8\uc73c\ub2c8 \ucc38\uace0\ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"vlp-link-container vlp-layout-basic wp-block-visual-link-preview-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wogh8732.tistory.com\/418\" class=\"vlp-link\" title=\"[Linux Kernel] Slab Memory Allocator \ub780?\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><div class=\"vlp-layout-zone-side\"><div class=\"vlp-block-2 vlp-link-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img1.daumcdn.net\/thumb\/R800x0\/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Ft1.daumcdn.net%2Fcfile%2Ftistory%2F9993F348601E306C15\" style=\"max-width: 150px; max-height: 150px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vlp-layout-zone-main\"><div class=\"vlp-block-0 vlp-link-title\">[Linux Kernel] Slab Memory Allocator \ub780?<\/div><div class=\"vlp-block-1 vlp-link-summary\">\ubaa9\ucc28 1. Slab Allocator\ub780? 2. Slab Allocator \uc804\uccb4 \ud750\ub984 3. Slab Allocator \uad6c\uc870 4. Slab Cache \uad6c\uc870 5. Slub object \ud560\ub2f9 6. Slub \uc624\ube0c\uc81d\ud2b8 \ud574\uc81c 1. c\u2192partial\uc758 \uc2ac\ub7a9 \ud398\uc774\uc9c0 \ud639\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 CPU\uc758 c\u2192page\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud658 2..<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<ul><li>Slab : \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \uc601\uc5ed \uc911 \ucee4\ub110\uc774 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc601\uc5ed\uc744 Slab\uc601\uc5ed\uc774\uba70 dentries\uc640 inodes \uce90\uc2dc\uac00 \uc774 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. <br>(slabtop \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud604\uc7ac \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 slab \uc790\ub8cc \uad6c\uc870 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# slabtop\n Active \/ Total Objects (% used)    : 232162 \/ 241799 (96.0%)\n Active \/ Total Slabs (% used)      : 7662 \/ 7662 (100.0%)\n Active \/ Total Caches (% used)     : 74 \/ 101 (73.3%)\n Active \/ Total Size (% used)       : 55501.21K \/ 58750.71K (94.5%)\n Minimum \/ Average \/ Maximum Object : 0.01K \/ 0.24K \/ 9.50K\n\n  OBJS ACTIVE  USE OBJ SIZE  SLABS OBJ\/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME                   \n 39580  39403  99%    0.20K   1979\t 20\t 7916K vm_area_struct\n 38080  38080 100%    0.06K    595\t 64\t 2380K anon_vma_chain\n 30072  30072 100%    0.19K   1432\t 21\t 5728K dentry\n 19136  19089  99%    0.09K    416\t 46\t 1664K anon_vma\n 15504  14550  93%    0.04K    152\t102\t  608K Acpi-Namespace\n 15210  15210 100%    0.13K    507\t 30\t 2028K kernfs_node_cache\n 13570  13570 100%    0.67K    590\t 23\t 9440K proc_inode_cache\n 10868  10476  96%    0.60K    418\t 26\t 6688K inode_cache\n  7808   6525  83%    0.03K     61\t128\t  244K kmalloc-32\n  5746   4799  83%    0.94K    169\t 34\t 5408K xfs_inode\n  5248   3838  73%    0.06K     82\t 64\t  328K kmalloc-64\n  5180   3660  70%    0.57K    185\t 28\t 2960K radix_tree_node\n  3822   2783  72%    0.09K     91\t 42\t  364K kmalloc-96\n  3264   2517  77%    0.25K    102\t 32\t  816K kmalloc-256\n  3248   3248 100%    0.07K     58\t 56\t  232K Acpi-Operand\n  3072   3072 100%    0.02K     12\t256        48K kmalloc-16\n  3060   3060 100%    0.05K     36\t 85\t  144K ftrace_event_field\n  2560   2560 100%    0.01K\t 5\t512        20K kmalloc-8\n  2037   1762  86%    0.19K     97\t 21\t  388K kmalloc-192\n  1610   1610 100%    0.09K     35\t 46\t  140K trace_event_file\n  1536   1258  81%    0.50K     48\t 32\t  768K kmalloc-512\n  1344   1046  77%    0.12K     42\t 32\t  168K kmalloc-128<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u203b TIP-2 (vfs_cache_pressure)<\/strong> ?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>vfs_cache_pressure\ub294 \ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4 \ucee4\ub110\uc758 vm\uad6c\uc870\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>vfs_cache_pressure\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc11c \ucee4\ub110\uc5d0\uac8c \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc640 inode Object\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uce90\uc2dc\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\ud558\ub294\ub370 \uc774 \uac12\uc774 0\uc77c \uacbd\uc6b0 \ucee4\ub110\uc774 \uc624\ube0c\uc81d\ud2b8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uce90\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 Out Of Memory\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>\ubcf4\ud1b5 \uc774 \uac12\uc774 100\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\ub098 \uc790\uc8fc \uce90\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc774 \uac12\uc744 \ubcc0\uacbd\ud574\uc8fc\uc5b4\uc57c\ud558\uba70 \uac12\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uce90\uc2dc\ub97c \ubcf4\uad00\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac8c\ub418\uc5b4 dentries\uc640 inodes \uce90\uc2dc\ub97c \uc904\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# cat \/proc\/sys\/vm\/vfs_cache_pressure\n100<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\uae30\ubcf8\uac12\uc740 100\uc73c\ub85c \ub418\uc5b4\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>\/proc\/sys\/vm\/vfs_cache_pressure \uc5d0 \uac12\uc744 \uc9c0\uc815\ud574\uc8fc\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc77c\ud68c\uc131\uc774\ub2c8 sysctl.conf\uc5d0 \uc124\uc815\ud574\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# vi \/etc\/sysctl.conf \uc774\ud6c4 \uc544\ub798\uac12\uc744 \ucd94\uac00 \ubc0f \uc800\uc7a5, load \ud574\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4\nvm.vfs_cache_pressure = 10000\n[root@ip-10-0-1-68 ~]# sysctl -p<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-white-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-block-heading\"> Personal Comments and Wrap-up<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc544\uc9c1 \uce90\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub97c \ube44\uc6b0\uace0 swap \uc0dd\uc131\ub9cc \ud574\ub450\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>\uc774\uac78\ub85c \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uacb0\ub410\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30\ub294 \uc5b4\ub835\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ud6c4 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub7c9 \uacbd\ubcf4\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uc5ec \uc54c\ub9bc \uc124\uc815\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \ud604\uc7ac \uc624\ud1a0\uc2a4\ucf00\uc77c\ub9c1 \ucd94\uac00\ub97c \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <br>(\uc6b0\uc120 \uc624\ud1a0\uc2a4\ucf00\uc77c\ub9c1 \ucd94\uac00 \uc804 \uc11c\ubc84 \ub0b4 \uc790\uc6d0 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uba3c\uc800 \uc9c4\ud589\ud574\uc57c\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/24025302\/memory.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874\" width=\"329\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/24025302\/memory.jpg 640w, https:\/\/cdn.manvscloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/24025302\/memory-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 329px) 100vw, 329px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc774\ubc88 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc8fc\uc2e0 \ub9ac\ub205\uc11c\ub2d8\uc5d0\uac8c \uac10\uc0ac\uc758 \uc778\uc0ac\uc62c\ub9bd\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br>(\uc544&#8230; \ub09c \uc65c swap\uc744 \uc78a\uace0\uc788\uc5c8\uc9c0? \ub9e4\ubc88 \uac10\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4&#8230;??\u200d\u2642\ufe0f \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \uc774\ubc88 \uae30\ud68c\ub85c \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub9ce\uc774 \uacf5\ubd80\ud55c \uac83\uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"vlp-link-container vlp-layout-basic wp-block-visual-link-preview-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxer.name\/\" class=\"vlp-link\" title=\"\ub9ac\ub205\uc11c\uc758 \uae30\uc220\uc220 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 - \uc624\ub298\ub3c4 \uc2e0\ub098\uac8c \uac08\uc544\ub123\ub294 \uc778\uc0dd\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><div class=\"vlp-layout-zone-side\"><div class=\"vlp-block-2 vlp-link-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.linuxer.name\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/07215055\/image-1.png\" style=\"max-width: 150px; max-height: 150px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vlp-layout-zone-main\"><div class=\"vlp-block-0 vlp-link-title\">\ub9ac\ub205\uc11c\uc758 \uae30\uc220\uc220 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 &#8211; \uc624\ub298\ub3c4 \uc2e0\ub098\uac8c \uac08\uc544\ub123\ub294 \uc778\uc0dd<\/div><div class=\"vlp-block-1 vlp-link-summary\">\ub9ac\ub205\uc11c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774\uc0c1\ud55c \uac83\uc5d0 \uc9d1\ucc29\ud558\uace4 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694. ManVSCloud \uae40\uc218\ud604\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\uc740 \ucd5c\uadfc \uc81c \ube14\ub85c\uadf8\uac00 \uac04\ud5d0\uc801 \ub04a\uae40\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud655\uc778 \ud6c4 Memory \ubd80\uc871 \uc6d0\uc778\uc744 \ud30c\uc545\ud558\uace0 \ud574\uacb0\uae4c\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc791\uc131\ud574\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. Symptom &amp; Identify the cause \uc5b4\uc81c \ube14\ub85c\uadf8\uc5d0 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud305 \ud6c4 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uac00 \uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucd9c\ub825\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\uc11c\ubc84 \uc811\uc18d \uc2dc Cannot allocate memory \uc5d0\ub7ec\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4 \uc785\ucd9c\ub825\uc774 \uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc774\uc9c0\uc54a\uc740 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub77c \uc6b0\uc120 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4 \uc7ac\ubd80\ud305\uc744 \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub300\uc2dc\ubcf4\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc6d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub960\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc558\ub294\ub370 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc790\uc6d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub960\uc740 \uc815\uc0c1\uc778\ub370 \uc720\ub3c5 Memory\ub9cc 90% \uc774\uc0c1 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc911!! Memory \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c\uac8c\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. VSZ, RSS \ud655\uc778 \uc2dc Apache, PHP\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ub300\ub7c9 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc911\uc774\ub77c \uc6f9 \ub85c\uadf8\ub97c \uba3c\uc800 \ud655\uc778\ud574\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.1\uc8fc\uc77c \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c logrotate\uac00 \uac78\ub824\uc788\uc5b4 \ucd5c\uadfc \ub85c\uadf8\ub9cc \ud30c\uc545\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc600\ub294\ub370 \uc6b0\uc120 \uacf5\uaca9\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ub7c9 \uc811\uadfc\ud558\ub294 IP\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc600\uace0 \uc758\uc2ec\ub418\ub294 IP\ub294 WAF\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\uac00 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uc600\ub294\ub370 \ub530\ub85c \uacf5\uaca9\uc131 \uc811\uadfc\uc740 \uc544\ub2cc \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud30c\uc545\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. sar\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucd94\uac00 \uac80\ud1a0\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4 \uc7ac\uc2dc\uc791 \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub7c9\uc774 80% \uc774\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc18d \uc720\uc9c0 \uc911\uc774\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c free \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub85c \ud655\uc778\ud574\ubcf4\ub2c8 buff\/cache\uac00 \ube44\uc6cc\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\uc120 \uc544\ub798 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uce90\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6b0\uace0 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \ud655\ubcf4\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589 \ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. (sync &amp;&amp; echo 3 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc544\ub798\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uc744 \ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.) \uc774\ud6c4 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub294 \uc815\uc0c1\ud654 \ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc7a5\uc560\uac00 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc6b0\uc120 swap\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uae30\ub85c \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. Create Swap \uc5f0\uacb0\uc774 \uc798\ub410\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778 \ud6c4 \uc774\uc81c \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc744 \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc0dd\uc131\ud574\uc8fc\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. swap \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158\uc774 \uc798 \uc0dd\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 mkswap\uc73c\ub85c swap\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc8fc\uace0 blkid\uc5d0 \ub098\uc628 UUID\ub97c \ucc38\uace0\ud558\uc5ec \/etc\/fstab\uc5d0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"Linux\uc5d0\uc11c swap \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0 \uce90\uc2dc \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub97c \ube44\uc6cc \uc720\ud734 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub97c \ub298\ub824\ubcf4\uc790","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[154,137,281,293,287,283,284,279,286,285,288,49,32,155,275,282,276,289,277,278,291,290,292,78,218,230,280],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=863"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":875,"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863\/revisions\/875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=863"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=863"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manvscloud.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=863"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}